Epidemiology Statistics Exercise 2 Solved Questions

Epidemiology Statistics Exercise 2 Solved Questions

Epidemiology:  Exercise #1

Using the data from the table below, respond to the questions. Round to 1 decimal place.

Table 1. Diabetes cases and deaths, Florida 2019 (Hypothetical data)
Gender Mid-Year State Population 2019 New 2019 Cases Total Cases 2019 Deaths 2019
Total                        20,957,705              658,237    2,305,348             6,423
Males                        10,374,064              296,207    1,037,406             3,597
Females                        10,583,641              362,030    1,267,941             2,826
Age        
18-44 years                          7,335,197                65,824       230,535                642
45-64 years                          6,706,466              197,471       691,604             1,927
65+ years                          6,916,043              394,942    1,383,209             3,854
Race/Ethnicity        
Non-Hispanic White                        12,993,777              230,383       806,872                642
Non-Hispanic Black                          3,353,233              263,295       922,139             2,890
Hispanic                          3,772,387              131,647       461,070             2,248
Other Race/Ethnicity                              838,308                32,912       115,267                642
Income        
<$250000 per year                          5,239,426              164,559       576,337             2,569
$25000-<$50000 per year                          9,430,967              427,854    1,498,476             2,248
$50000+ per year                          6,287,312                65,824       230,535             1,606

 

  1. For diabetes mortality, what is the sex ratio of deaths (males to females)?
  2. What proportion of diabetes deaths were among those aged 45-64 years?
  3. In 2019, what was the incidence per 1000 population of diabetes in Florida?
  4. In 2019, what was the prevalence (as a %) of diabetes in Florida?
  5. In 2019, what was the crude diabetes death rate per 100,000 among Non-Hispanic Whites?
  6. What is the case fatality rate (%) for diabetes among those earning <$250000 per year?
  7. Using the calculated case fatality rate, would you consider diabetes highly lethal? Yes No
  8. Calculate the sex-specific diabetes incidence rates per 1000 people.
  9. Who has a higher incidence rate? Males   Females
  10. Calculate the race/ethnic-specific diabetes prevalence rates per 1000 people

Non-Hispanic White:

Non-Hispanic Black:

Hispanic:

Other Race/Ethnicity:

  1. Which group has the highest prevalence rate?

Extra Credit:

  1. Calculate the Standard Deviation from these numbers: 15, 22, 17, 29, 24, 23, 26, 27, 31, 20
  2. From above, calculate the 95% confidence intervals.

 

 

Theories of Addiction

Theories of Addiction

Horvath, A. T., Misra, K., Epner, A. E., & Cooper, G. M. (2014) Addictions. C. E. Zupanick (Ed.). Mental Health. watch video link provided for Q2

Theories of Addiction

Horvath, A. T., Misra, K., Epner, A. E., & Cooper, G. M. (2014) Addictions. C. E. Zupanick (Ed.). Mental Health.

Q1. Describe a non-pharmacological life experience that was so thrilling to you that you felt completely euphoric. How can you explain your experience from a biological and/or neurological perspective? Is there an evolutionary advantage to having increased levels of endorphin activity at certain points in our lives? What would be the advantage of having vivid memories of such experiences? How can we better understand addiction by examining our own biological and neurological responses to pleasure?

Q2. Watch the video link below, ( Self-medication by Dr. Nicolai Lennox). Is addiction a means of self-medication for other issues? Where is the line between addiction and healthy coping? When is exercising for several hours daily an addiction and when is it self-medication?.

 

Cultural Diversity in Healthcare Service

Cultural Diversity in Healthcare Service

1. For your selected cultural group briefly describe how one of the aspects of Giger and Davidhizar’s
Transcultural Model may impact the nursing care of the patient from the cultural group.
2. For a patient from your selected cultural group which of the spiritual assessment tools from Dameron
(2005) would you select to use? Why

How can WHOs health policies make a difference in global health care

How can WHOs health policies make a difference in global health care

  • How can WHO’s health policies make a difference in global health care?
  • Analyze and hypthesize why the US spends more money per capita on health care
    and does not have the greatest return for the money as compared to other
    developed countries suc as Japan.

-One page per question

-utilze scholarly sources

Compliance and Regulatory Issues in Healthcare

Compliance and Regulatory Issues in Healthcare

Paper Instructions 
1. After reviewing the article from the Journal of AHIMA, what does the author believe to be the most important aspect of the coding compliance program? Does this program meet the Seven Component Framework? Make sure there is an introduction, body, and conclusion. Two references and in-text citations. (1/2 page)
2. How does an organization ensure that its compliance program is being enforced? Make sure there is an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Two references and in-text citations. (1/2 page)
3. Research the “Seven Component Framework” for auditing and monitoring. Review at least two references and cite them in your one-page paper describing this process.
4. Recap from the AHIMA article the important components highlighted by the authors. Create a one-page document outlining the components and a short description of each item. At lease two references.
Please separate each question and references by numbers.
Links below

(see attachement) DeVault, Kathryn and Mary H. Stanfill. “Components of an Effective Inpatient Coding Compliance Program.” Journal of
AHIMA, no. 7 (Jul-Aug): 50-52.

Key Determinants of Health Social Determinants of Health Eight Factor Model

Key Determinants of Health Social Determinants of Health Eight Factor Model

Essay Instructions

Research paper – Select two underdeveloped countries and examine the key determinants of health. Compare and contrast the healthcare
systems, economy, and healthcare system challenges, such as access to care and health disparities. Use the Eight Factor Model to assess the
strengths and weaknesses of the healthcare systems and determine the extent to which the system is providing access to care.
• Conduct secondary research using databases that contain peer-reviewed articles from major health care or medical academic journals.
• Your sources must be no more than 5 years old unless they provide historical perspective and/or is seminal literature
• Relate research to real-world health issues.
• Analyze and assess scholarly work in the field of health care.
• Demonstrate critical thinking by writing well-organized, clear, concise documents.
• Apply APA standards in written work.
• Keep quotations brief when included and should be appropriate to the flow of your discussion. Avoid the use of a block quotation. Quotation
must conform to the original quoted passage in every detail, including misspellings or other errors.
• Acceptable reference sources and in-text citations formatted in APA 7th Edition style include peer-reviewed journal articles, scholarly articles,
textbooks, university Web sites, and governmental agencies. The journal and scholarly articles should be primary sources. Use the textbooks to
identify primary sources and utilize these primary sources.

Birth Control Methods Essay

Birth Control Methods Essay

Paper Instructions
1. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method of birth control. Include risks, religious/spiritual, and cultural influences.
2. List at least five factors that must be considered in choosing a contraceptive method.
3. Compare the birth control methods used by adolescents vs. adults.
4. Prepare a contraceptive teaching plan to provide health education and counseling. Include any information that reduces the effectiveness of a
method.
5. Identify the surgical methods of birth control that provide permanent sterility for the male and female.
(Use 3-4 references in your research, which should include professional journals, professional websites, and books. MUST include at least one NURSING journal.)

Adolescent Health Risk Seminar STD Presentation

Adolescent Health Risk Seminar STD Presentation

Paper Instructions
For this assignment, you will develop and deliver a 10–15 minute (10 slide minimum) seminar/workshop aimed at the teen or young adult audience on a specific health risk (SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE) associated with the population (ADOLESCENT YOUTH- LOS
ANGELES, CA).
As the health care advocate, you will present the following to the target audience (adolescents or young adults)in 10 slide minimum or screens:
-An overview of the risk factor
-Contributing factors
-Prevalence of the health risk (meaningful data)
-Explain your role with the issue as a health care practitioner/advocate
-Ways to identify a problem and address the issue
-Present an activity or project or exercise for the audience to engage in related to the topic
-Help and support resources
In your research materials, incorporate 4-5 current sources (within 5 years) with one containing the most current statistics.
May use the following sources:
http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/dhsp/Youth.htm#:~:text=Young%20people%20under%20the%20age,15%2D24%20in%20L.A.%20County.
https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/sexually-transmitted-diseases
https://www.cdc.gov/std/life-stages-populations/adolescents-youngadults.htm
https://www.kidsdata.org/topic/86/teen-sexual-health/summary?
gclid=Cj0KCQjwqfz6BRD8ARIsAIXQCf1sxo7lp_2QArD7hlHucJbdBTp7i_Iilhjy8deBe6RWz8McdX5aybcaAgvMEALw_wcB
https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/sexualbehaviors/index.htm

Roles of Healthcare Professionals

Roles of Healthcare Professionals

This assignment will be at least 1500 words or more. Reflect on the roles of nurses, and other healthcare professionals as the roles of physicians in the healthcare system moves from one of working in silos to a more progressive value-based system. Write a paper that discusses in detail why a value-based system may improve health care in the U. S. and address the following questions:
How has current policy transformed the current practice of nurses, physicians, and other healthcare professionals?
What distinction can you make between physicians/healthcare providers working in a fee-for-service system and a value-based care system?
How do you view shared power between physicians and nurses in your healthcare system? How does it impact care?
Assignment Expectations
Length: 1500-2000 words in length
Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA format. These do not count towards the minimal word amount for this assignment.
Your essay must include an introduction and a conclusion.
References: Use the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of two (2) scholarly sources are required for this assignment

Healthcare case study paper

Healthcare case study paper

The Case Write-Up:
As a member of this course, you will be demonstrating your ability to review and assess various
business situations based upon cases. These cases will vary in nature, length and content. Don’t
fall into the trap that a case only has a specific chapter theme or problem. Many problems exist
in all of these cases. While we will focus on a specific theme when we discuss the case, all
themes must be identified so we can understand how they impact the theme being discussed.
The write-ups will be a little different than what you may have done in other courses. The
questions for this case analysis will be provided one week before they are due.
These write-ups should be:
• typed, 1.5 spaces,
• one inch margins on all sides,
• 12 pt. Times New Romans,
• with page numbers.
• Single space typed
• Two pages (maximum length)
This is not to be a review of the case. In this write-up you need to be extremely specific. You
should not repeat any of the case detail. These write-ups are designed to be executive decision
documents written in such a manner that your immediate report-to would be able to read,
understand, and implement your decision

Pandemic Research Essay Paper Exploring SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: Pandemic 2020

Pandemic Research Essay Paper Exploring SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: Pandemic 2020

Exploring SARS-CoV-2 & COVID-19: Pandemic 2020
Research papers and Peer Review Guide
For the research paper you will be working in groups of 3-4 to research and discuss topics relating to
the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. You have many options to choose from – researching the
possible origins, transmission, and evolution of the virus, as well as the epidemiology of COVID-19
including symptoms, treatment, testing, racial disparities, and global consequences. You can discuss
how information about the virus and disease has been disseminated to the public, and the importance
of evidence-based practices in public health. Your group will take on community roles to write your
research paper and provide at least 3-4 references (at least one reference per person). Please come up
with a very unique and catchy title for your paper too (the best titles get extra credit points)
Each group can pick from one of the following discussion topics. You should divvy up the questions to
research within your topic and everyone should contribute an equal amount to get to a 4-page paper.
Since you’re taking different roles in the community this is not a typical research paper because you
can write it like a “script” depending on the roles in the community you choose to portray. You will
turn in the assignment to iLearn under “assisgnments”. Please only turn one paper in for the whole
group but be sure to put everyone’s full name (in alphabetical order by last name) on the paper
and if anyone is from a different section than where you are turning it in you should put the name and
section #. (Also please use the name on the roster rather than nick names.) The paper can be in the
form of a university lecture, press release, newscast, grand rounds, community forum, or legislative
arguments depending on how you want to present your research. Depending on which topic you are
presenting, you will assume the role of professors, healthcare officials, community leaders,
politicians/legislators, research clinicians, conservationists or members of the media in order to
convey your information.
There are many suggested questions within your main topic. You can choose which ones interest you
the most, or come up with new questions within your topic to explore. Specific examples and statistics
are also important to convey information. If you want to include graphs, tables or other info-graphics
they should not count towards the 4 page minimum written report. You can go over 4 pages of
research if you need to, but you will be deducted points if it is shorter than 4 pages – please use
Cambria 12 pt font, double spaced, regular margins (.8” or less) and don’t forget the catchy title
on the 1st page (no title page is needed). Please put your names at the very end of the paper on
the last page after the references and put the title on that last page as well as at the top of the 1st
page. You will be swapping papers with classmate later in the semester for the peer review so
keep your document somewhere on your computer where you will remember where it is for
later reference.
Pandemic 2020 Discussion Topics:
• Virus Background information: this should include structure, possible origination,
classification, and transmission. Where and how did this virus emerge and how has it mutated
and replicated? What is the structure of this virus such as whether it is an RNA or DNA virus
and how many nucleotides is it composed of? How many proteins does it code for? How does it
attach to a host cell? What are the different viruses within the Corona Viruses family that are
able to infect humans? How can we avoid similar novel virus transmissions, and how did it
spread so quickly throughout the world?
• Exploring the health affects of Covid-19: What are some of the viral affects and host immune
system responses that are causing the varying symptoms of Covid-19? Is this infection
primarily a respiratory or cardiovascular disease? What are some pre-existing health risks or
life style choices that lead to more severe outcomes? Do different blood types pose different
threats of COVID-19 progression? If so why? Tie some of these topics into the theory of Natural
Selection – are some people better adapted to survive this pathogen? Have bats and other
corona virus hosts evolved to survive this virus? What is the Red Queen Hypothesis and how
does it relate to pathogen evolution and resistance?
• Community connections: What information was disseminated to the community during the
start of the pandemic? Were there disparities in recommendations, community compliance, and
opinions? If so, were these disparities based on geography, education, race, political
preferences, or other factors? How well did our country responded to the spread of the virus in
general compared to other top infected nations? If you were to give out recommendations to
the country to stop the spread of the virus and disease what would your main messages be?
• Racial disparities: Are there disparities in the spread, testing, treatment, and death rates from
SARS-CoV-2 by race? If so, how? How did the Black Lives Matter Protests in June 2020 affect the
spread of the virus and COVID-19 cases? Did the police reaction to protestors in some cases
(tear gas, incarceration, violence) affect the pandemic? How has our country responded to the
increased cases of COVID-19 in the jails and prisons? How are refugees and immigrants
detained in ICE and other detention facilities being treated and tested? What legislation would
you propose to improve relations, conditions and equality in America? What are city, state and
federal politicians doing in regards to racial disparities, white supremacy and police brutality in
our country?
• Scientific Research: What are the different types of testing and how effective are they in
detecting the virus and COVID-19? What are the different types of vaccinations and treatments
being developed and tested? Are strategies such as testing and contact tracing effective to slow
the spread of the virus? What are the most effective strategies being implemented to “flatten
the curve” so far in the U.S. and around the world? Are health care professionals using the steps
of the scientific method to answer questions about the virus? How? What % of the population
needs to be resistant to the virus in order to acquire herd immunity? What are the best longterm plans for reaching our herd immunity goal?
• Ecology and Conservation Connections: How is the pandemic affecting anthropogenic
climate change, pollution, wildlife exploitation, human population and carrying capacity around
the globe? What legislation has been proposed to help our planet in response to this pandemic?
What would you propose? What are some post-pandemic predictions? (What will our society
be like after this event, we will learn from our mistakes? Will we be better prepared or
educated in order to avoid future pandemics and become more respectful of our planet?)
Discuss ecology and conservation issues related to this pandemic.
original paper and paste after your name page so that I can see which paper you reviewed.
(Points will be deducted if you are missing the original paper so please make sure to attach it to
your peer review.)
Good luck!!
Reference suggestions for the research portion: (You can find many more references for your
particular topics but here are a variety of articles to get you started. Don’t forget to include
your references in your “script” / research paper and please do MLA format, not just urls. (MLA
format includes the article title, author, source, date AND the URL if you found it on-line – see
below for examples of the write format)
Let’s Science up about Covid 19!! 4/28/20 Hosted by the Department of Biology SF
State University

The American Virus
Eliot Weinberger, London Review of Books, Vol. 42 No. 11 · 4 June 2020
https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v42/n11
How We Broke The World Greed and Globalization Set us up for Disaster, Thomas L.
Friedman, New York Times, May 30th 2020, Opinion

How Corona Virus Hijacks Your Cells
Jonathan Corum & Carl Zimmer, New York Times, Science. 3/13/20
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/11/science/how-coronavirus-hijacksyour-cells.html
Where Pandemics Come From and How to Stop Them. Extinction Countdown John R
Platt, The Revelator, 3/23/20
From Bats to Human Lungs, The Evolution of a Corona Virus
Carolyn Korman. The New Yorker 3/27/20
Bad News Wrapped in Protein: Inside the Corona Virus Genome – Jonathan Corum &
Carl Zimmer. New York Times 4/3/20
Coronavirus May Be a Blood Vessel Disease, Which Explains Everything
Many of the infection’s bizarre symptoms have one thing in common
Dana G Smith May 28th 2020
https://elemental.medium.com/coronavirus-may-be-a-blood-vessel-disease-which-explains-everything-2c4032481ab2
Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of COVID-19
Renyi Zhang, Yixin Li, Annie L. Zhang, Yuan Wang, and Mario J. Molina
PNAS first published June 11, 2020
https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/06/10/2009637117
Smoking Is Associated With COVID-19 Progression: A Meta-Analysis
Roengrudee Patanavanich 1 2 , Stanton A Glantz 1
PMID: 32399563 PMCID: PMC7239135 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa082
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32399563/
Tear-Gassing Protesters During An Infectious Outbreak Called ‘A Recipe For Disaster’
June 5, 20206:00 AM ET
WILL STONE, NPR.org
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/06/05/870144402/tear-gassingprotesters-during-an-infectious-outbreak-called-a-recipe-for-disast
Open Letter from 1288 Physicians, health care workers, infectious disease professionals and
community stakeholders supporting anti-racism protests:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Jyfn4Wd2i6bRi12ePghMHtX3ys1b7K1A/view
COVID-19 public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov .
Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus.
Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/.
SF Covid Case Data:
https://data.sfgov.org/stories/s/adm5-wq8i

Technology and Health therapeutic communication

Technology and Health therapeutic communication

Define therapeutic communication in the setting of nurse practitioner-patient relationships. What are the benefits to the patient when the nurse practitioner employs the use of therapeutic communication with the patients. Support your answer with evidence-based research.

Healthcare Information Technology Trends

Healthcare Information Technology Trends

Discussion: Healthcare Information Technology Trends
Throughout history, technological advancements have appeared for one purpose before finding applications elsewhere that lead to spikes in its usage and development. The internet, for example, was originally developed to share research before becoming a staple of work and entertainment. But technology—new and repurposed—will undoubtedly continue to be a driver of healthcare information. Informaticists often stay tuned to trends to monitor what the next new technology will be or how the next new idea for applying existing technology can benefit
outcomes.
In this Discussion, you will reflect on your healthcare organization’s use of technology and offer a technology trend you observe in your environment.
To Prepare:
Reflect on the Resources related to digital information tools and technologies.
Consider your healthcare organization’s use of healthcare technologies to manage and distribute information.
Reflect on current and potential future trends, such as use of social media and mobile applications/telehealth, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled asset tracking, or expert systems/artificial intelligence, and how they may impact nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
By Day 3 of Week 6
Post a brief description of general healthcare technology trends, particularly related to data/information you have observed in use in your healthcare organization or nursing practice. Describe any potential challenges or risks that may be inherent in the technologies associated with these trends you described. Then, describe at least one potential benefit and one potential risk associated with data safety, legislation, and patient care for the technologies you described. Next, explain which healthcare technology trends you believe are most promising for impacting
healthcare technology in nursing practice and explain why. Describe whether this promise will contribute to improvements in patient care outcomes, efficiencies, or data management. Be specific and provide examples.