SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers),

Everything you need to know about:

  • Predictor variable
  • Probability distribution
  • Qualitative methods
  • Quantitative methods
  • Quartile
  • Randomization
  • Range
  • Ratio variable
  • Reliability
  • Repeated-measures design
    Second quartile
  • Skew
  • Systematic variation
  • Tertium quid
  • Test–retest reliability
  • Theory
  • Unsystematic variation
  • Upper quartile
  • Validity
  • Variables
  • Within-subject design
  • z-scores

SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Everything you need to know about: 

  • α-level
  • β-level
  • Central limit theorem
  • Confidence interval
  • Degrees of freedom
  • Deviance
  • Effect size
  • Fit
  • Linear model
  • Meta-analysis
  • One-tailed test
  • Population
  • Power
  • Sample
  • Sampling distribution
  • Sampling variation
  • Standard deviation
  • Standard error
  • Standard error of the mean (SE)
  • Sum of squared errors (SS)
  • Test statistic
  • Two-tailed test
  • Type I error
  • Type II error
  • Variance

SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Anything you need to know about:

  • Bootstrap
  • Hartley’s FMax
  • Homogeneity of variance
  • Independence
  • Kolmogorov–Smirnov test
  • Levene’s test
  • Noniles
  • Normally distributed data
  • Parametric test
  • Percentiles
  • P–P plot
  • Q–Q plot
  • Quantiles
  • Robust test
  • Shapiro–Wilk test
  • Transformation
  • Trimmed mean
  • Variance ratio

Correlation Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Correlation Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers),

Everything you need to know about:

  • Biserial correlation
  • Bivariate correlation
  • Coefficient of determination
  • Covariance
  • Cross-product deviations
  • Kendall’s tau
  • Partial correlation
  • Pearson correlation coefficient
  • Point–biserial correlation
  • Semi-partial correlation
  • Spearman’s correlation coefficient
  • Standardization

Regression Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Regression Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Everything you need to know about:

  • Adjusted predicted value
  • Adjusted R2
  • βi
  • Cook’s distance
  • Covariance ratio (CVR)
  • Cross-validation
  • Deleted residual
  • DFBeta
  • DFFit
  • Dummy variables
  • Durbin–Watson test
  • F-ratio
  • Generalization
  • Goodness of fit
  • Hat values
  • Heteroscedasticity
  • Hierarchical regression
  • Homoscedasticity
  • Independent errors
  • Leverage
  • Mahalanobis distances
  • Mean squares
  • Model sum of squares
  • Multicollinearity
  • Multiple R
  • Multiple regression
  • Outcome variable
  • Perfect collinearity
  • Predictor variable
  • Residual
  • Residual sum of squares
  • Shrinkage
  • Simple regression
  • Standardized DFBeta
  • Standardized DFFit
  • Standardized residuals
  • Stepwise regression
  • Studentized deleted residuals
  • Studentized residuals
  • Suppressor effects
  • t-statistic
  • Tolerance
  • Total sum of squares
  • Unstandardized residuals
  • Variance inflation factor (VIF)
  • Autocorrelation
  • bi

Logistic Regression Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Logistic Regression Analysis SPSS/Statistics (Questions & Answers)

Everything you need to know about:

  • –2LL
  • Binary logistic regression
  • Chi-square distribution
  • Complete separation
  • Cox and Snell’s R2
  • CS
  • Exp(B)
  • Hosmer and Lemeshow’s R2
  • L
  • Interaction effect
  • Likelihood
  • Logistic regression
  • Log-likelihood
  • Main effect
  • Maximum-likelihood estimation
  • Multinomial logistic regression
  • Nagelkerke’s R2
  • N
  • Odds
  • Polychotomous logistic regression
  • Roa’s efficient score statistic
  • Suppressor eff

Comparing Several Means (SPSS/Statistics Questions & Answers)

Everything you need to know about:

  • Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
  • Bonferroni correction
  • Brown–Forsythe F
  • Cubic trend
  • Deviation contrast
  • Difference contrast (reverse Helmert contrast)
  • Eta squared, η2
  • Experimentwise error rate
  • Familywise error rate
  • Grand variance
  • Harmonic mean
  • Helmert contrast
  • Independent ANOVA
  • Omega squared, ω2
  • Orthogonal
  • Pairwise comparisons
  • Planned contrasts
  • Polynomial contrast
  • Post hoc tests
  • Quadratic trend
  • Quartic trend
  • Repeated contrast
  • Simple contrast
  • Weights
  • Welch’s F

Non-parametric Tests (SPSS/Statistics Questions & Answers)

Non-parametric Tests, Everything you need to know about:

  • Cochran’s Q
  • Friedman’s ANOVA
  • Jonckheere–Terpstra test
  • Kendall’s W
  • Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z
  • Kruskal–Wallis test
  • Mann–Whitney test
  • McNemar’s test
  • Median test
  • Monte Carlo method
  • Moses extreme reactions
  • Non-parametric tests
  • Ranking
  • Sign test
  • Wald–Wolfowitz runs
  • Wilcoxon rank-sum test
  • Wilcoxon signed-rank test

Exploratory Factor Analysis (SPSS/Statistics Questions & Answers)

Exploratory Factor Analysis (SPSS/Statistics Questions & Answers), Everything you need to know about:

  • Alpha factoring
  • Anderson–Rubin method
  • Common variance
  • Communality
  • Component matrix
  • Confirmatory factor analysis CFA)
  • Cronbach’s α
  • Direct oblimin
  • Equamax
  • Extraction
  • Factor analysis
  • Factor loading
  • Factor matrix
  • Factor scores
  • Factor transformation matrix, 
  • Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)
  • Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy
  • Kaiser’s criterion
  • Latent variable
  • Oblique rotation
  • Orthogonal rotation
  • Pattern matrix
  • Principal component analysis (PCA)
  • Promax
  • Quartimax
  • Random variance
  • Rotation
  • Scree plot
  • Singularity
  • Split-half reliability
  • Structure matrix
  • Unique variance
  • Varimax

Multilevel Linear Models (SPSS/Statistics Questions & Answers)

Multilevel Linear Models,

Everything you need to know about:

  • AIC
  • AICC
  • AR(1)
  • BIC
  • CAIC
  • Centring
  • Diagonal
  • Fixed coefficient
  • Fixed effect
  • Fixed intercept
  • Fixed slope
  • Fixed variable
  • Grand mean centring
  • Group mean centring
  • Growth curve
  • Multilevel linear model
  • Polynomial
  • Random coefficient
  • Random effect
  • Random intercept
  • Random slope
  • Random variable
  • Unstructured
  • Variance components

Quiz (Confidence Interval. Standard Error. t-statistic. z-statistic.)

  1. A sample of 49 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases had a mean birth weight of 2998 g. Based on other births in the county, we will assume σ = 800 g. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean birth weight of SIDS cases in the county. Interpret your results.
  2. True or false? Given that a confidence interval for µ is 13 +
  • The value of 13 in this expression is the point estimate.
  • The value 5 in this expression is the estimate’s standard error.
  • The value 5 in this expression is the estimate’s margin of error.
  • The width of the confidence interval is 5.
  1. When do we use a t-statistic instead of a z-statistic to help infer a mean?
  2. Identify whether the studies described here are based on (1) single samples, (2) paired samples, or (3) independent samples.
  • Cardiovascular disease risk factors are compared in husbands and wives
  • A nutritional exam is applied to a random sample of individuals. Results are compared to the results of the whole nation.
  • An investigator compares vaccination histories in 30 autistic schoolchildren to a simple random sample of non-autistic children from the same school district.
  1. Identify two graphical methods that can be used to compare quantitative (continuous) data between two independent groups.
  2. A questionnaire measures an index of risk-taking behavior in respondents. Scores are standardized so that 100 represents the population average. The questionnaire is applied to a sample of teenage boys and girls. The data for boys is {72, 73, 86, 95, 95, 95, 96, 97, 99, 125}. The data for girls is {89, 92, 93, 98, 105, 106, 110, 126, 127, 130}. Explore the group differences with side-by-side boxplots. Create the boxplots and then describe how risk taking behavior varies between genders.
  3. Which study will require a larger sample size, one done with 80% power or 90% power when alpha (type I error) is set at 0.05 and we use the same population and expected difference and variation for both studies?
  4. True or False: When using data from the same sample, the 95% confidence interval for µ will always support the results from a 2-sided, 1 sample t-test.  Explain your reasoning.